What is Vitamin B12 Deficiency?

B12 deficiency is a condition characterized by low levels of the vitamin B12 in the body, either due to inadequate consumption or compromised absorption. B12 deficiency can lead to serious health problems if left untreated. While previously believed to be a condition affecting a small percentage of the population, recent research has indicated that a higher proportion of individuals may suffer from B12 deficiency. This increased incidence is even more pronounced in elderly populations. The symptoms of B12 deficiency include:

Fatigue

Weakness

Discoloration of the skin

Soreness/redness of the tongue

Digestive dysfunction

If levels of B12 stay low for long periods of time, it can cause nerve damage

There are many causes of B12 deficiency. Some people don’t eat enough B12-rich foods, while other people have a hard time absorbing the vitamin in their digestive tract. Most people get plenty of B12 from foods like meats, cheese, milk and eggs. However, diets often change to accommodate preference and need, especially as we age. Such changes can lead to a decrease in the amount of B12 present in the body.

Certain medical conditions can also contribute to B12 deficiency, such as:

Atrophic gastritis

Celiac disease

Certain forms of achlorhydia

Crohn’s disease

Bariatric surgery

The good news is that B12 deficiency is treatable, either through intramuscular injections or oral supplements. Most individuals who suffer from B12 deficiency are able to manage their symptoms with regular treatment.